Map of the Month: April 2024

Published April 1, 2024
Updated Dec. 05, 2024

The political boundaries of North America have gone through many changes. As part of New Spain, Central America was known as the Captaincy General of Guatemala, or the Kingdom of Guatemala. The territory of Mexico used to contain the entire southwestern United States, and extended as far north as the Great Salt Lake in Utah.

This month, we’ll be looking at 'Mexico & Guatemala, With The Republic of Texas', published by W. Lizars Edinburgh. It was produced in 1840, during the brief period where Texas was an independent country after having won its independence in the Texas Revolution in 1836. It shows just a snapshot of the current territorial possessions, which would change drastically before the decade was over.

The 1840 Map titled Mexico & Guatilama With the Republic of Texas. The map extends from Baja Californa over to Florida. The United States is bordered with Blue. Mexico is Green, Guatemala is Yellow, while the Republic of Texas and the British Territory of Balleze (modern day Belize) is Magenta.
The political boundaries of the southern half of North America, circa 1840.

After Texas was able to successfully “Remember the Alamo!” (as the famous Texas battle cry went) and gained its independence in 1836 at the conclusion of the Texas Revolution, the new nation applied for annexation to the United States. That didn’t happen for nearly a decade; thus Texas was its own sovereign nation — at least temporarily.

A zoom-in on the Republic of Texas on the Map. Its northern border is the Red River, eastern border is the Sabine River.
Galveston is looking a bit out of place on this map.

Moving to the southern border of Mexico, we encounter a significantly upsized Guatemala — written as 'Guatimala' on this map — encompassing everything in Central America from modern-day Mexico to Costa Rica. After gaining independence from Spain, the Kingdom of Guatemala took on a new form as the Federal Republic of Central America and all constituent regions became their own states, on which the modern nation-states are based. In fact, most of the Republic was embroiled in a civil war that had begun two years earlier. In 1841, the Republic was dissolved. 

a zoom-in on the lower portion of the map, showing central america. While the individual states are named individually, ‘Guatimala’ stretches across all of them.
The author also wrote ‘Belize’ as ‘Balleze’, visible top center. It became a Crown colony the same year this map was published.

Moving back north to upper Mexico, we get to see the section of the map that covers the Mexican State of New California. Fast forwarding to the present day, that old Mexican state is now composed of the U.S. States of Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and California.  Unfortunately, the American West at this point is largely unexplored. It’s as if the American West is a barren landscape with no discernable features.
 

A zoom on the top-left of the map, covering the Mexican State of New California. Aside from a few rivers, there’s no other details about the area. It’s labeled as ‘Unknown Parts’.
The ‘Unknown Parts’ of New California.

Those are just a few highlights of what can be found on this map. There’s plenty more to see!As with all of our Map of the Month features, if you’d like to learn more about this map, request a scan or schedule a visit to explore our maps in person, please submit a Map/Geo Service Request and we’ll be sure to get back to you within two business days, but typically sooner. As always, we hope you enjoyed this map showcase and hope you look forward to next month!