The Old English Poems of Cynewulf
Edited by Robert E. Bjork
Translated by Robert E. Bjork
The Old English poems attributed to Cynewulf, who flourished some time between the eighth and 10th centuries, are unusual because most vernacular poems in this period are anonymous. Other than the name, we have no biographical details of Cynewulf, not even the most basic facts of where or when he lived. Yet the poems themselves attest to a powerfully inventive imagination, deeply learned in Christian doctrine and traditional verse-craft.
Runic letters spelling out the name Cynewulf appear in four poems: "Christ II (or The Ascension)", "Juliana", "The Fates of the Apostles", and "Elene". To these a fifth can be added, "Guthlac B" because of similarities in style and vocabulary, but any signature (if one ever existed) has been lost because its ending lines are missing. What characterizes Cynewulf’s poetry? He reveals an expert control of structure as shown from the changes he makes to his Latin sources. He has a flair for extended similes and dramatic dialogue.
Bio
Robert E. Bjork is a Foundation Professor at the Department of English at Arizona State University.
